锂离子二次电池之发展与改良.doc

鋰離子二次電池負極材料表面改質之發展與改良 Development and Improvement of the Lithium Ion Battery Negative Material Surface Modification 吳玉祥 吳俊霖2 張晏銘3 Yu-Shiang Wu Chun-Lin Wu Yan-Ming Chang 1中華技術學院 機械系暨機電光研究所助理教授 中華技術學院 機電光研究所中華技術學院 機械系Department of Mechanical Engineering , China Institute of Technology 摘 要一般的商用鋰離子二次電池的負極材料為石墨碳材，可分為人工石墨與天然石墨(Natural graphite)。而人工石墨一般皆使用介穩相球狀碳(Meso carbon micro beads, MCMB)，而MCMB是一種低表面積、高緊密堆積的球狀碳，其結構規則性高，有利於鋰離子之可逆進出碳材料，所以其有庫倫效率高，第一次不可逆小等優點，但由於其必須加熱至2800°C以上方能產生石墨化，需設備昂貴的石墨化爐，因而造成生產成本過高，降低其在商業上的競爭力。，，，為改善此缺點，可利用表面改質(Surface odification)製程，在石墨表面上一層夫喃樹脂非晶質碳材，透過這層非晶質碳膜，可以抑制鋰錯化合物嵌入石墨層間，來降低其不可逆電容量與減緩充放電遲滯現象()。由實驗中披覆球狀天然石墨，在經過充放電後，所得之不可逆電容量值為18%，而在經過披覆非晶質碳後，其不可逆電容量降為5.%，由此可見球狀天然石墨披覆非晶質碳後，確實有效改善石墨本體結構的問題。 關鍵字：鋰離子電池、負極材料、天然石墨、夫喃樹脂。 ABSTRACT The negative material of commercial lithium ion battery can be divided into the artificial graphite and natural graphite. Artificial graphite comes from meso-carbon micro beads (MCMB) that shows low surface area, high density stacking spherical carbon. Owing to its order structure, lithium ion can insert the carbon material easily that has high coulomb efficiency and small first irreversibility. Because MCMB must be heated to become graphite above 2800°C, it causes high cost for expansive high temperature process that reduces MCMB commercial competitiveness. In this study, the higher first irreversibility of charge and discharge process cause lower capacity. In order to improve this shortcoming, surface modification from Furan resin heat treatment in the spherical nature graphite will be investigated. The amorphous carbon on the graphite surface can suppress lithium complex to intercalate graphite layer that reduce irreversible capacity and slow down discharge hysteresis. From experimental data, the five times irreversible capacity reduces from 18.0% to 5.8% after amorphous carbon coating. It is obvious that carbon coating on the spherical nature graphite