桥吊式起重机系统模态分析与动态响应计算 包装工程.doc

陶瓷食品接触材料中有害重金属迁移行为研究1.上海交通大学，上海 200240；2. 上海理工大学，上海 200125） 摘 要：目的 研究微波条件下陶瓷食品接触材料中有害重金属的迁移行为。方法 向陶瓷餐具中装入乙酸溶液, 进行常规处理和微波加热处理, 最后用火焰原子吸收分光光度计检测, 研究微波功率、加热时间和迁移液pH值对陶瓷餐具中铅、镉向乙酸溶液迁移的影响, 并将该方式与常规方式作对比。结果 铅、镉的迁移量随微波功率和加热时间的增加而增大, 并基本在加热15 min后达到迁移平衡; 微波功率不但影响铅、镉的迁移速度, 还影响其达到迁移平衡时的浓度; 铅、镉的迁移量随迁移液pH值的降低而增大。结论 通过短时间的微波加热, 即可使铅、镉的迁移量达到甚至显著超出(222)℃温度下浸泡24 h20 min的迁移量。 中图分类号：TS206 文献标识码：A Migration of Hazardous Heavy Metals from Ceramic Food Contact Material during Microwave Heating（Times New Roman） XXX 1 ,XXX 2 , XXX 2 (Times New Roman) (1.Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200240；2.ShanghaiShanghai 200215) ( Times New Roman五号Abstract: Objective To study the migration of hazardous heavy metals from ceramic food contact material during microwave heating. Methods Ceramic dinnerware was treated by microwave heating, and the inference of microwave power, heating time and pH to the migration of lead and cadmium into acetic acid was studied. Results The amount of migration of lead and cadmium increased with the increase of microwave power and heating time, and generally reached equilibrium after heating for 15 min. Microwave power not only affected the migration velocity of lead and cadmium, but also their concentrations at migration equilibrium. The amount of migration of lead and cadmium increased with the decrease of pH. Conclusion By microwave heating for merely a short time, the amount of migration of lead and cadmium could reach, or even significantly excess that acquired in traditional migration condition, i.e. soaked with 4 % acetic acid for 24 h±20 min at (22±2)℃. Key words: vibration and wave; gantry crane; finite element analysis 近年来起重运输机械制造行业采用新理论、新技术和采用新结构、新材料与新工艺后，其产品设计、性能水平和科技(含量明显提高。但也应承认，关于超大起重量超大型起重机减振降噪设计理论和方法的研究开展不多，其直接的负面影响表现在运行过程中的振动影响突出。过量的振动将严重降低工作效率，并可能引起系统有关设备和结构以及周边建筑物和设备的疲劳损坏，缩短有效使用寿命。尽管已有许多研究人员采用有限元软件对龙门、塔式起重机起重臂、吊臂及钢丝绳等进行过模态分析和静态强度校核[1，2]；但对岸桥式超大型起重机结构的模态分析和动态分析并不多见。（五号宋体） 基于上述原因，本文对岸桥起重机结构的有限元建模进行了分析，对模型的简化和约束处理作了探讨， 的固有特性及动态响应