定语从句难点透视.doc

一、了解只能用that引导限制性定语从句的几种情况。 1. 当先行词是不定代词或被它们所修饰时：all, much, little, something, everything, nothing, anything, none, no（thing）the one等。1)You should hand in all that you have. 2)All the books______will be sent to the hope school are ready now. 2. 当先行词前面被the only, the very, any, few, little, no等词修饰时。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. 我唯一能做的事就是给你一些钱。 3. 当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen. 4. 当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时。This train is the last that will go to Shanghai. 5. 当先行词既是人又是物时。 Do you know the thing and persons that they are talking about? 6. 当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 Who is the boy that won the gold medal? 7. 有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用了which，另外一个宜用that。 They built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution. 他们建起了一个小工厂，生产能产生污染的东西。 8. 当先行词在主句中作表语时，而关系词也在句中作表语时。Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be. 二、下列情况只能用which引导。 1. 引导非限定性定语从句时 we often hear people complain that it is expensive to buy houses, which is really true. 2. 关系词前面有介词时，如：He was educated in the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University. 3. 先行词为that时，如：I don’t take that which is too expensive. 三、下列情况只能用who(不用that)引导定语从句。 1. 引导非限定性定语从句时 On the way there, he met Mary, who told him the secret. 2. 当定语从句的先行词（指人）被介词短语隔开时 Do you know the man under the tree who is talking to the headmaster? 3. 当定语从句的先行词是those或people时 Those who are against the plan put up your hands, please. 四、Where引导的定语从句，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词。如：place，room，spot，house等，在从作地点状语。但近几年的高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂；从先行词为明显的“地点”转为“地点的模糊化”。事实上，对于where这个词我们不能只理解为表地点。当先行词是case（情况）point 阶段，程度；’t write a good essay. 2) The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk safely. 3、在确定从句中关系词时，一定要看关系词在从句中担当什么成分，如果在从句中担当主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要选用关系代词来连接从句，如果从句中担当状语，就要选用关系副词来连接从句。试比较：1) I still remember the date that/ which I first spent in this school.(从句中担当宾语) I still remember the date when I first came to this school. (从句中担当时间状语) 2)