美国文学选读 诗歌鉴赏.docx

Henry Wadsworth LongfellowI Shot an ArrowI shot an arrow into the air,我把一支箭射向空中It fell to earth I knew not where;不知它落在何方For so swiftly it flew the sight飞得那么快Could not follow it in its flight飞行 .眼睛难以追寻它的方向I breathed a song into the air,我对着天空轻轻唱歌It fell to earth I knew not where;不知它消逝在何方For who has the sight so keen and strong谁的眼光能如此敏锐犀利That can follow the flight of a song.能跟上歌声的翅膀Long, long afterwards in an oak,很久很久以后，在一棵橡树上I found the arrow still unbroke 完整的 ;我找到了那支箭，仍未折断And the song, from beginning to end,也发现了那支歌，自始自终I found again in the heart of a friend.在朋友的心中欢唱Analysis:When he shot an arrow and breathed a song into the air, he did not expect to find them any more. But many years later, he came across with the arrow and found that his song was always in the heart of his friend. This suggests that the friendship is everlasting.This poem is written in a traditional iambic form with the feet “aabb aacc ddee”.In the poem, Longfellow sings the friendship implicitly and skillfully. The arrow and the song in this poem stand for the friendship.Structurally, the first and the second stanza develop in a parallel way, yet in the last stanza the poet joins the two independent images logically together to indicate the strength of fantastic conceit in poetry.A Psalm of Life 人生颂Tell me not, in mornful numbers 不要在哀伤的诗句里告诉我：Life is but an empty dream! “人生不过是一场幻梦！” For the soul is dead that slumbers 因为灵魂睡着了，就等于死了，And things are not what they seem. 事物的真相与外表不同。Analysis:In this opening stanza, Longfellow declares himself to be a believer in life hereafter来世.Life is real! Life is earnest! 人生是真切的！人生是实在的！ And the grave is not its goal; 它的归宿决不是荒坟；Dust thou art, to dust returnest, “你本是尘土，必归于尘土”，Was not spoken of the soul. 这是指躯壳，不是指灵魂。Analysis:The second stanza continues with the same belief in afterlife that is present in the first. Longfellow states this clearly when he writes, And the grave is not its goal. It means that life doesnt end for people simply because they die; there is