新粮食安全战略的实现途径oecdorg.pdf

新粮食安全战略的实现途径 Approaches to realise China’s new food security strategy 中国农业部政策与法规司司长 张天佐 Zhang Tianzuo Director General, Department of Sectoral Policy and Law, MOA 中国粮食生产取得的重大成就 China’s achievements in food production  解决好粮食问题始终是治国安邦的头等大事。  Food issue is of paramount importance to a country’s peace and stability.  中国粮食产量多年稳居世界第一，自2006年起，中国不再是联合国世界粮食计划 署的被援助国，而且逐步成为重要的粮食援助捐赠国。  China has long been largest grain producer in the world. It was no longer recipient of FAO food aid starting from 2006 and is gradually growing into a major food aid donor.  中国大体上用不到世界10%的耕地，生产了世界1/4的粮食，养活了世界1/5的人口。 这不仅对中国的经济发展和社会稳定起到了重要的保障，也对世界粮食安全作出 了重大贡献。  China is now able to produce 25% of world’s food and feed 20% of world’s population on less than 10% of world’s cultivated land, which not only helps ensure the country’s economic development and social stability, but also contributes to world’s food security. 面临的突出问题 Major Problems  需求总量继续呈刚性增长  Continued rigid growth of total demand  资源环境约束日益趋紧  Increasingly severe resources and environmental constraints  比较效益不断降低  Diminishing comparative efficiency  农业劳动力素质结构性下降  Decreasing quality of agricultural labor force  新型农业经营体系构建任重道远  Long-term and arduous task of developing a new agricultural management system  灾害频发重发的态势愈发明显  Natural disasters increasing in severity and frequency 新形势下国家粮食安全战略 China’s food security strategy under new circumstances  以我为主 立足国内 Domestic supply based 确保产能 Guaranteed production capacity 适度进口 Moderate import 科技支撑 Science and technology support 实现新粮食安全战略的途径 Measures to implement the food security strategy  必须坚持立足国内的基本思路  Adhere to the basic idea of “based on domestic supply”  优先保障口粮绝对安全和谷物基本自给  Ensure the general self-sufficiency in cereals and absolute security in stap