高二时态语态.docVIP

【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 动词的时态语态专项练习 二. 重难点讲解： 动词的时态和语态 到目前为止大家应该知道，动词共有16种时态和两种语态。 在时态方面，考题中主要涉及到其中的10种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去将来时、过去进行时、过去完成时、将来进行时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时。 1. 一般现在时：通常有六种用法，其中最重要的考点是：在时间或条件状语从句中表示将来的动作；安排或计划好的将来发生的动作。 如：1. The train for Shanghai leaves at 11a.m and arrives at 11p.m. 2. As soon as the manager comes back, I will tell him about it. 2. 一般过去时： 关于该时态最主要请大家掌握它的概念：一个开始于过去结束于过去的动作，或存在的状态。记住这一点很重要，需要与现在完成时区分。 如：The other day she ran across an old friend in the street. 3. 一般将来时： 除了用will + 动词原形表示该时态外，还有： 1 Be going to do sth： She is going to go abroad next year. 2 Be about to do sth： Please fasten your safety belt, for the plane is about to take off. 3 Be to do sth： There is to be a class meeting this afternoon. 4. 现在进行时： 除了众所周知的表正在进行动作外，还有如下特殊用法： 预计一个将要发生的动作；常与某些副词连用，表示某种感情色彩，如赞叹、惊讶或不满。 如：1 How many of you are going to the party tonight. 2 The teacher is always criticizing us. 5. 现在完成时：这应该是五个基本时态中最令大家迷惑的一个。该时态分为已完成和未完成两种。常见的标志性的词有：since, for, already, so far, up to now, in the last few years, in the past three months etc. 如：1 He has lived here since he got married. 2 In the past two decades, research has expanded our knowledge about sleep and dreams. 3 In the last ten years great changes have taken place in China. 6. 过去将来时：只有一个考点：用于主句的谓语动词是过去时态的间接引语中，遵循时态呼应原则。 如：She said she would pay us a visit when she had enough time. 7. 过去进行时：表示在过去的某个时刻发生的动作或某段时间内一直进行的动作。 如：1 At nine o’clock last night, I was counting the stars in the sky. 2 When the girl came in, the two dogs were fighting for a bone. 3 While I was preparing for the exam, the power was cut off. 8. 过去完成时：别名“过去的过去。”考题中对该时态的使用有要求，只有当句中有一个动作是过去时，才有可能用过去完成。 如：1 The film had almost finished when I got to the cinema. 2 By the time he was ten, he had built himself a chemistry lab. 9. 将来完成时：该时态只有一个考点，请大家注意与过去完成的区别： 如：By the time he is ten, he will have built himself a chemistry lab. 10. 现在完成进行时：表示现在以前一直发生的动作，强调动作在进行过程中的不间断，常有背景句作为铺垫。 如：—You are all wet! —Yes, I have been playing baske