(精编)【体外膜肺ECMO精品课件】 Economic evaluations alongside clinical trials what they contribute, how they are performed and their limitations教学课件.pptVIP

Economic evaluations alongside clinical trials: what they contribute, how they are performed and their limitations;What is economic evaluation?;Definition of economic evaluation;;New treatment cost-effective ;NICE: method of operation;Cost per QALY results from NICE;Why QALYs as a measure of outcome?;Time in years t;The EuroQol EQ-5D The following questions are designed to tell us about your state of health today. Please look at each group of questions, and then tick the statement which best describes you own health state today. You should make five ticks in all, one for each group. Mobility I have no problems walking about ____ I have some problems walking about ____ I am confined to bed ____ Self-care I have no problems with self-care ____ I have some problems washing or dressing myself ____ I am unable to wash or dress myself ____ Usual activities I have no problems performing my usual activities ____ I have some problems with performing my usual activities ____ I am unable to perform my usual activities ____ Pain/discomfort I have no pain or discomfort ____ I have moderate pain or discomfort ____ I have extreme pain or discomfort ____ Anxiety/depression I am not anxious or depressed ____ I am moderately anxious or depressed ____ I am extremely anxious or depressed ____;Tariffs for the EuroQol EQ-5D ;Why randomised trials?;Why economic assessment in clinical trials?;UK Collaborative ECMO Trial;;Design and analytical issues;Perspectives and types of costs ;Three elements of cost;Measurement of resource use;Valuation of resource use;Time horizon and discounting;Mean costs and mean cost differences;Bootstrap mean cost differences;Measurement of outcomes at 7 years;;Cost-effectiveness of neonatal ECMO;;;;Mean net benefits of neonatal ECMO;Are trial-based economic evaluations sufficient?;Was the ECMO trial-based economic evaluation sufficient?;Longer-term cost-effectivene