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alignment（对齐） Compilers often try to align data word boundaries or even double-word or even double-word boundaries. activation record（活动记录）The chunk of memory allocated for each function invocation大块的内存分配为每个函数调用 buffer overflow（缓存溢出）Place more than the buffer can hold, so overwrite the boundary static memory allocation（静态内存分配） Static memory allocation is the allocation of memory storage during the compile time and link time dynamic memory allocation（动态内存分配） Dynamic memory allocation is the allocation of memory storage during the runtime of program garbage collection （垃圾回收）Automatic reclamatio