阅读猜词方法.docVIP

英语阅读猜词技巧 阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落有着互相制约的关系。我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。 如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义Eg: anthropology is the scientific study of man. ____________________ P: In slang the term jam constitutes(被视为、构成) a state of a human being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation. 从上下文的定义可知jam一词的意思是________。 定义句的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent, constitute等。 虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使猜出生词词义。复述部分可以词、短语或是从句。 Eg: Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently. _____________ 在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号，和括号等。 P: Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits(电路). _______________ 需要注意的是：同位语前还常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say, i. e. 等副词或短语出现。 P: Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective（感情的）disorder, a syndrome（症状） characterized by serious seasonal mood swings（摇摆，震荡）. 根据生词SAD后面定语从句which is short for seasonal affective disorder和同位语a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings, 我们可以推断出 SAD含义，即_______________。 恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索： EThe results of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined（局限于）to a small geographical area as they were in the past. 句中“战争”和“重大科学发现”是生词的实例，通过它们我们可以猜出epochalEg: Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest.（谦卑、谦虚） supercilious意为 表示对比关系的词和短语主要是unlike，not，but，however，despite，in spite of，in contrast 和while 引导的并列句等。 PA good supervisor can quickly recognize the adept workers from the unskilled ones. _____________ 2．同义猜词 Eg: Green loves to talk，and his brothers are similarly loquacious. 表示的词和短语主要是similarly，like，just as，also等。 Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal money from a customer. This would have endange