六级阅读理念_2.pptVIP

六级阅读理念 2 context * Introduction What: direction How: guidelines We could and should guess the meaning of a new word with help of context. * 语言知觉的整体性 He is a wet blanket * 1. Common sense context 1) A by-product of the distillation of petroleum in the industry is asphalt, which can be used for paving streets. 2) Mr. Smith ran into a pedestrian with his car when it got out of control and drove onto the sidewalk. * 2. Tone context 1) They must gain an understanding of human nature, including its negative aspects, such as the sources of human conflict and the pitfalls of power. 2) There is growing evidence that urbanization has a sharp vicious impact on climate, causing changes that can wreak havoc on precipitation patterns that supply the precious resource of water. * 3. Structural context Structural Grammatical 形和 意合 * 1）BE A supernova is a massive star that undergoes a gravitational collapse, then a gigantic explosion, blasting away the outer layers into space. * 2）A and B A or B The inclination or tilt of the earth’s axis with respect to the sun determines the seasons. * 3）Adjective Clause Adjective Phrases The sun crosses the equator twice a year at the equinoxes, when day and night are nearly equal in length. * 4）Circumlocution A, B □ A □ of B soulless, mechanical copying of reality collective well-being of social group * 5) Appositive Sedge root, a woody fiber that could easily be separated into strands, is essential to basketery production. * 6) Listing If someone is said to have “a chip on his shoulder”, he is angry, pugnacious, sullen, and looking for trouble. * 7) Exemplification Eliminating obsolete skills, for instance, shorthand is still taught in many secretarial programs although it is rarely used and out of date. * 6) Comparison He lived parsimoniously, was frugal in food and drink, his clothes were beyond description; he looked like a beggar, but