永磁同步电机有矢量控制技术.doc

摘 要 对永磁同步电机有矢量控制技术和直接转矩控制技术进行了系统的分析研究，通过对两种控制策略的原理及其使用时的控制性能进行对比分析，指出矢量控制技术可以实现电机交直轴之间的解耦，具有转矩控制的线性特性，能够获得比较平稳的输出转矩，达到比较宽的调速范围[1]。结合伺服传动控制系统的要求，确定永磁同步电机伺服系统的控制方案为矢量控制。 电机的转矩控制最终归结为交直轴电流的控制，本文详细讨论了永磁同步电机矢量控制的四种电流控制方法，通过对这四种电流控制方法的转矩控制特性、转矩输出能力、功率因数特性、电流控制特性等进行分析研究，结合本课题所采用的面装式永磁同步电机，选用 的转子磁场定向矢量控制方法。 根据自动控制理论，详细分析了永磁同步电机伺服系统各组成部分的构成与数学模型，按照自动控制系统调节器的工程设计方法，完成了整个系统三个环节的设计，并对系统进行了仿真，研究了系统的稳定性。详细分析了系统动态性能系统调节器参数之间的关系，以及负载变动、对象参数变动对系统各环节的影响讨论了系统控制的应对措施。提出并实现了矢量控制时永磁同步电机的初始定位，保证了伺服系统矢量控制的实现。 关键字：永磁同步电机；转子磁场定向矢量控制；伺服系统；初始定位 Abstract The PMSM control systems respectively using the control strategies of the vector control technique and the direct torque control technique (DTC) are analyzed systematically. They are compared in principle and control capability when using the two control strategies. The analyses shows that the parameters in d and q axe are decoupling, the torque control characteristic is linear, output torque steady, the speed range wide when the vector control technique is applied in motion control system. To meet the demand of servo drive system, the vector control technique is chosen as the control strategy of permanent magnet synchronous servo system. The torque control of motor is actually current control of d and q axe. Four current control methods of PMSM vector control are discussed in detail, and their characteristics of torque control, power factor, current control etc are studied. It suggests that the rotor field-orientation vector control of id=0 can be chosen, in view of the surface mounted PMSM used in the item. Based on automation theory, the configuration and mathematical model of all parts of permanent magnet synchronous servo system were analyzed carefully. The three loops of the system were designed with the help of engineering design method of automation system regulator. The simulation of the system was taken, and the stability of the system was studied. The relationship of dynamic performance of the sy