航海技术专业航行船舶在浅水中的纵倾变化研究.doc

目　录 ０引言 1 １浅水域的概况 2 1.1浅水区界定 2 1.2浅水效应产生的原因 2 1.3浅水效应产生的现象 2 ２船舶纵倾变化的影响因素 3 2.1船舶排水量及排水体积变化的影响 3 2.2船体的线型（船舶的方形系数）的影响 3 2.3舷外水密度变化的影响 4 2.4船速大小的影响 4 3船体下沉量的估计 5 3.1基于傅汝德数的船体升沉和纵倾变化 6 3.2船首下沉量的定量计算 6 ４利用纵倾变化提高船舶载货量 7 4.1通过实例计算船舶可加载的载货量 7 4.2提高载货量的具体建议 8 5结束语 10 致谢 11 参考文献 12 附录 13 附录一、文献综述 13 附录二、外文翻译 15 摘 要 基于航行船舶在浅水中的纵倾变化研究，首先当然是确定何为浅水区，然后通过对浅水效应产生的条件、原因和现象的分析来引出船舶在浅水中的纵倾变化。对于船舶的纵倾变化，主要考虑了几个比较重要的影响因素，例如船舶的排水量，船型系数，船体舷外的水密度变化，船舶速度大小等，从而对船舶的纵倾变化有了定性的认识。接着，根据现有的理论和经验公式对船舶的下沉量和纵倾变化进行定量的计算，最后利用计算结果来分析船舶因纵倾变化而可加载的载货量，并用实例进行了论证。在此基础上，再给出具体的建议，希望通过船舶浅水中的纵倾变化能够充分利用船舶的载货量从而提高船舶营运的效益，最终能为船公司带来一定的效益增长。 关键词：航行船舶；浅水效应；纵倾变化；傅汝德数。 Analysis of the navigating ships’change of trim in shallow water Abstract The reseatch of the trim change in shallow water. of course, where is the shallow water should be defined first, and then through the analysis of the conditions, reasons and phenomenon of the shallow water effect leads to the ships’ trim change in shaollow water. For the change of the ship’s trim, we mainly congsider several of the more important factors , such as, displacement tonnage of the ship, ship’s coefficient, the change of water density outboard, ship’s speed, thus we can have a qualitative understanding of the ships’ trim. Then we use the existing theory and empirical formula to calculate the amount of quantitative changes of the ship’s sinking and trimming, and then analyze the results of the calculation to decide the amount of cargo can be loaded due to the trim change and use the example to demonstrate the results. On this basis, and with the specific suggestions, we hope to use the changes of ship’s trim in shallow water to take full advantage of the ship’s cargo capacity and then improve the efficiency of the ship and finally it can bring some efficiency gains to the shipping companies. Keywords: navigating ship; shollow water effect; the change of ship’s trim; Froude coefficient. ０引言 1987年，渡轮”Herald of Free Enterptis”在Zeebrugge倾覆，导致近200人死亡。相关人员对船舶及自然环境等进行了全面的调