专四语法汇总.docVIP

专四常考语法点汇总： 一．虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 1) 倒装结构：条件句有were, had, should时，可使用倒装结构。 e.g. Were it necessary, I would resign. Had you informed me earlier, I would have come over. Should you meet her, you should not be able to recognize her. 2) 错综时间条件句 e.g. If I my umbrella with me this morning, I wet now. D A. had taken … would not have been B. took… should not be C. were to take … would not be D. had taken … should not be 3) 无条件的虚拟句：but for, with, without, or, but, otherwise, in case of, what if, etc. 2．I wish…/If only句式：与现在事实相反，用were或动词的一般过去式；与过去事实相反，用had+过去分词；表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would/could/should/might+动词原形。 3．as if引导的从句 （注意区别事实与假设） Some black clouds are floating in the sky. It looks as if . B it might rain B it is going to rain C it would be rainy D it was to rain 4．在suggest, order, demand, propose, desire等表示建议、命令、态度等词（包括动词和名词）引导的名词从句中用should+动词原形，should可省。 但 When he was asked why his friend had not accepted the offer, he suggested . B that his friend should be too proud to accept it B that his friend was too proud to accept it that his friend too proud to accept it D that his friend is too proud to accept it 5．在important, necessary, urgent ,essential, desirable, resolved等形容词后面用用should+动词原形，should可省。 6．It is (high/about) time 句式中虚拟语气用过去式。 7．would rather，would sooner, would as soon, just as soon后 接动词原形，指现在或将来时间，表示一种主观愿望或选择。 e.g. He would sooner die than surrender. 接不定式完成式，表示过去的某种选择不恰当。 e.g. I’d rather not have told her the news. She is such a gossip. 接从句，用虚拟语气，一般过去时表示一个现在或将来的愿望，过去完成时表示一个过去的愿望。 e.g. I’d rather that you paid the money yourself. I would sooner she painted the wall green next time. I’d sooner she hadn’t done that. 8. 在for fear that, lest, in case引导的目的状语从句中可用虚拟语气。For fear that后的从句用should/could/might + 动词原形，lest引导的状语从句中用should+动词原形，should可省，in case后的从句可用should + 动词原形或陈述语气, should可省。 e.g. I didn’t make a noise for fear that I should/might disturb her. I didn’t make a noise lest I (should) disturb