Section X China’s Economy and Reform中国文化概论英文版本 教学课件文档.pptVIP

China’s Economy and Reform * An Overview of New China’s Economy 1949~1953: The First Five-Year Plan Established more than 100 state-owned industrial enterprises Laid a preliminary foundation for socialist industrializtion 1956~1966 The Decade Before the Cultural Revolution Socialist construction was carried out in a comprehensive way * New industries like electronics and petrochemical engineering came into being and the industrial layout was improved. China achieved complete self-sufficiency in oil supply from 1965 onwards Capital construction and techinical upgrading of agriculture The “Great Leap Forward” in 1958 * In 1960, a policy of readjusting, consolidating, filling in and raising standards for the national economy was adopted and China’s economic construction was brought back to the right track. * 1978~1982: Initiation of Economic Reconstruction The Third Plenary Session of 11th CPC Central Committee revitalizing the domestic economy and opening up to the outside world 1982~2000 The Development of Socialist Market Economy * The Fourteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1992 set the goal of establishing the system of socialist market economy. A series of important reform measures were taken. pricing system, public finance, taxation, banking, foreign trade and foreign exchange, the reform of state-owned enterprises, reform related to social security, housing, education and science and technology * The Eighth Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development (1991~1995) basic policy: “seizing the opportunity to deepen the reform and open wider to the outside world, promoting development and maintaining stability” The Outline of the Ninth Five-Year Plan for National Economy and Social Development and the Long-range Objectives through the Year 2010 * The Reform and Opening Policies The Starting Point: Agricultural Responsibility System The first successful reform occurred in the agricultural sector. * Reform of Large State