新编英语语法教程第19-22讲培训资料.pptVIP

非谓语动词;2) 非动词性质,即名词及形容词性质 To see is to believe. The girl standing there is my sister. 非谓语动词的类型 1) 不定式 infinitive 具有名词及形容词性;2) 动名词 gerund 具有名词词性 3) 现在分词 present participle 具有形容词词性 4) 过去分词 past participle 具有形容词词性 具有名词词性的非谓语动词,即不定式,动名词,可作句子主语,宾语,表语等;两者作主语时的差异 1) 不定式强调结果,动名词强调过程 To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. 2) 不定式侧重具体某次动作, 动名词指抽象多次动作;5) 在某些名词或形容词后,用不定式作真实主语 It is very important to read aloud in learning a foreign language. It is considerate of you to give me a hand. important/ easy/ hard/difficult/ nice;clever/ foolish/ wrong/ considerate/ rude/ impolite/ pleasure/ mistake/ pity/ shame/ honor 6) there be句型的一种特殊情况 There be no doing sth. = It is impossible to do sth There is no telling what would be the punishment at the moment.;7) 表语和主语应平衡 To live is to struggle. Living is struggling. 非谓语动词作宾语 1) 不定式是 “未发生” 或 “将发生” 而动名词是 “已完成” remember to turn off the light remember turning off the light ;2) 部分动词只用不定式作其宾语 aim to/ arrange to/ ask to/ afford to/ agree to/ apply to/ beg to/ claim to/ choose to/ dare to/ decide to/ decline to/ demand to/ desire to/ determine to/ endeavor to/ expect to/ pretend to/ proceed to/ promise to/ refuse to/ request to/ resolve to/ seek to/ strive to/ swear to/ undertake to/ volunteer to/ wish to;He expected to see him at once. I can’t afford to buy a house now. 3)部分动词只用动名词作宾语 acknowledge/ admit/ advise/ advocate/ allow/ anticipate/ appreciate/ avoid/ complete/ confess/ consider/ contemplate ;defer/ delay/ deny/ detest/ endure/ enjoy/ escape/ evade/ excuse/ fancy/ forbid/ favor/ finish/ imagine/ include/ involve/ justify/ mention/ mind/ miss/ necessitate/ pardon/ permit/ postpone/ practice/ prevent/ quit/ recall/ renounce/ require/ resent/ resume/ risk/ stand/ suggest/ warrant/ can’t help;I can’t help laughing. I try to avoid meeting her. 4) 既可接不定式，又可接动名词作宾语的动词 like / dislike / love / hate / prefer / begin / start / forget / continue / cease / attempt / propose / want / need / remember / regret / neglect;deserve / can’t bear 有的意义略有