基于单片机的教室灯光自动控制器的毕业设计_精品.doc

摘 要 本研究针对教室灯光的控制方法，尤其是教室灯光的智能控制方面的发展现状，分析了教室灯光智能控制的原理和实现方法，提出了基于单片机的教室灯光智能控制系统的设计思路，并在此基础上设计了智能控制系统的硬件装置和相应软件。 该系统以AT89S52单片机作为控制装置的智能部件，采用热释电红外人体传感器检测人体的存在，采用光敏三极管构成的电路检测环境光的强度；根据教室合理开灯的条件，系统通过对人体的存在信号和环境光信号的识别和智能判断，完成对教室照明回路的智能控制，避免了教室用电的大量浪费。系统还具有报警功能；同时还采用了软/硬件的“看门狗”技术等抗干扰措施。 单片机软件采用汇编语言编制，采用模块化结构设计、条理清晰、通用性好，便于改进和扩充。 该系统具有体积小，控制方便，可靠性高，专用性强，性价比合理等优点，可以满足各类大、中专院校教室灯光控制的要求，很大程度的达到节能目的。 关键词：灯光控制 热释电 智能控制 Abstract Currently light intelligent control systems are not efficiently used in the classroom. In order to improve the system, based on the theory of the light control and current methods of how to keep control, put forward methods of developing intelligent classroom light control system on the basis of AT89S52. This classroom light intelligent control system is developed, which machine of AT89S52 is a major part, and the environment of development is better than before. This system can satisfy the following functions, such as controlling the circuit of illumination, testing and processing daylight signal, testing and processing the signal of human body that illuminates the back track exists, reporting to the warning devices, etc. In order to satisfy these functions, the system adopted the homologous methods respectively, and to the gearing of the system, analyzing how to install, test and run the system. The microcontroller software was developed based on assemble language. The system had many advantages such as small, easy controlled, high credibility, strong appropriation and price proportion was ideal, etc. The experiment proved that the system can satisfy the control command of the classroom’s light device, so it could largely reduce the consuming of energy resources. Keyword: Lighting Control，Heat to release the electricity，Intelligent Control目录 前言 1 1 教室灯光控制器简介及控制方案的分析 2 1.1 教室灯光控制器简介 2 1.2 系统控制方案的分析 2 2 系统硬件设计 3 2.1 单片机系统电路设计 3 2.1.1 单片机的选型 3 2.1.2 晶振回路设计 5 2.1.3 复位电路设计 5 2.2 系统时钟电路设计 8 2.3 系统供电电路设计 11 2.4 环境光采集电路设计 12 2.5 人体存在传感器电路设计 13 2.5.1 人体存在传感器工