汶川大地震恢复重建的基本挑战.pptVIP

Wenchuan Earthquake: Disaster Conditions and Anti-earthquake Disaster Relief  Wang Zhenyao Director-General, Department of Disaster and Social Relief, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, PRC  August 12, 2008 1. Severe Disaster Conditions The serious earthquake measuring 8.0 on Richter Scale occurred at 14:28 on May 12, 2008 in Wenchuan, and affected 417 counties (cities, districts) in ten provinces and cities of Sichuan, Gansu, Shaan Xi, Chongqing,etc., involving 4,656 towns and 47,789 villages, more than 80000 people died or lost, resulting in a disaster-affected population of 46,240,000 and 15,100,000 needed to be transferred in emergency and lodged in different places. (1) The earthquake was of high intensity, affected a vast area, and resulted in a serious damage. Some experts believed that this earthquake is a fracture zone earthquake resulted from thrust-type strike-slip fault. In other word, at the two sides of earth crust fracture zone, hanging wall ascends and footwall falls, while they slide along the fault trend. Wenchuan Earthquake affected a vast area, and it was said to be felt in almost all Southeast Asia and all East Asia. (2) The affected area has special regional structure, with the epicenter at the verge of the affected area. This earthquake didn’t have one center, but rather a seismic belt which resulted in widespread destruction along fracture zone, and in this stripped region, the SW-NE length of the harder-hit area was over 400km, the NW-SE width about 100km. The earthquake resulted in a major fracture, 300km long and 30km deep, with a maximum vertical and horizontal separation of 5m and 4.8m respectively. (3) Complicated terrain and vastness of the affected area greatly restricted the capacities for disaster relief. The hardest-hit area is 125,000 square km in area, and located at the northwest plateau of Sichuan, where “the mountain paths are too hard to travel, even harder than scaling the blue sky”. This region is known for tall