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Curvature - Department of Mathematics and Statistics曲率的数学与统计学系
CurvatureCurvature
Outline of Hass, Weir, Thomas –
Section 10.4
UnitUnit TangentTangent VectorVector
If r t is a smooth curve, then the tangent vector to the curve
(as a function of t) is v t dr/dt and the unit tangent vector
is
TT tt 11 vv tt .
|v t |
DefinitionDefinition
The curvature of a curve, r t , as a function of t is defined
to be
1 dT
t .
dtdt
||vv tt ||
IfIf ss denotesdenotes arcarc lengthlength, thenthen
1 dt dT dT
t |v t | t
dsds dtdt dsds
||vv tt ||
and thus the curvative is the magnitude of the rate of change
ofof thethe unitunit tangenttangent vectorvector withwith respectrespect toto arcarc lengthlength..
ExamplesExamples
1) Show that a circle of radius a has curvature 1/a.
2) Find the curvature function for the parabola y x 2 .
3) Let a and b be positive constants.
Show that the helix,
x a cos t
y a sin t
z bt
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