高考英语总复习汇总课件 非谓语动词.pptVIP

（一）现在分词 (1).现在分词 现在分词无人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化.其时态和语态的变化形式与动名词相同. (2)、现在分词的句法功能 具有形容词和副词的特征,可充当成分:表语 定语,宾语补足语, 状语 1. 现在分词作表语 现在分词作表语起形容词作用,说明主语的特征及主语所具备的动作功能。常译为”使(令) … 怎样。” 如: The news is very disappointing. His story is very moving. (Encouraging, inspiring, exciting, interesting….) 2. 现在分词作定语 现在分词作定语, 表示主动意义,它与所修饰的名词构成 主谓关系,通常可改为定语从句。它从以下两方面来说明中心词。 A.表示动作正在进行 Don’t wake up the sleeping boy. = Don’t wake up the boy who is sleeping I don’ t know the man writing something over there. =I don’ t know the man who is writing something over there. 3.现在分词作宾语补足语 用现在分词作宾补，说明宾语是动作的执行者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系； A.作感官动词的宾补, 如: see, look at ,watch, notice, find, observe, listen to, hear, smell taste, feel… 表示正在进行的意义 We found them reading in the classroom. 4. 现在分词作状语 现在分词可在句中作时间、原因、条件、结果, 让步、伴随或方式等状语。 B. 作使役动词的宾补, 如: have, get, keep , send, leave, catch…表示”使…进行/处于(某种状态)” ,强调动作或状态的持续性. Can you keep the clock going? 1)作时间状语, 可以表示三个时间概念 A.表示和谓语动作同时发生,相当于 “as soon as” 引导的时间状语从句 Hearing the good news, he jumped up with joy. = As soon as he heard the good news, he … = On hearing the good news, he… B.谓语动词的动作发生在分词动作的过程中,表示”在做某事期间”相当于由when/while 引导的时间状语从句。 Walking in the street, I came across an old friend. = When/While I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend. = When/While walking in the street, I came across … C.如果分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前,分词就要用完成时。如: Having done his homework, the boy went out to play. Having written his composition, he began to do his Maths homework. 2)作原因状语,相当于由because/as 引导的原因状语从句。 A.和谓语动词的动作同时发生 Being ill, he didn’t go to school. =Because/As he was ill, he didn’t go … Not knowing what to do next, he went to his teacher for advice. = Because/As he didn’t know what to do next, he went to … B.如果分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前,分词就要用完成时。 Having seen the film many times, he didn’t go to see it last night. 3)作条件状语,相当于由 if 引导的条件状语从句 (If) Using your head, you will find a way. =If you use your head, you will find … 4)作让步状语,相当于由 although/though 引导的让步状语从句 Although/Though getting up