英语语法学习非谓语动词.pptVIP

Non- predicate Verbs * 动名词由动词原形+ing构成。它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征。动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例）。 时态/语态 主动 被动 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written * 1 动名词作主语、宾语、表语和定语 1）作主语。例如： 南方与北方开战了。 　　 Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 2）作表语 例如： 她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。 Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 比较： She is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 对主语说明、解释 * 3）V 后作宾语 delay deny endure fancy postpone recall resent resume forgive keep 例如：你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗 Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。　　　　 The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed being caught. * 词组后作宾语 admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote … to object to stick to no good no use be fond of look forward to be proud of be busy cant help be tired of be capable of be afraid of think of insist on count on set about?put off take up give up be successful in? * 4）作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如： a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台 a swimming pool=a pool swimming 游泳池? * worth 的用法 worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容词，意为值得。 1. worth： be worth + n.　 当名词为金钱时，表示…… 值得…… 　 be worth doing sth.　……某事值得被做 　　The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。 2. worthy：be worthy of +n.　当名词为抽象名词时表示……值得…… 　 be worthy to be done 某事值得被做 　　The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again. 3. worthwhile： be worthwhile to do sth　 值得做某事 　　It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。 * 动词不定式 动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。这里的to是不定式标志，没有词义。不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能，又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。 ?注: 不定式的否定形式---- not + 不定式 时态\语态 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing / 完成式 to have done to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing / * 1作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 afford aim agree arrange ask decide bother choose demand desire determine hope fail help learn long manage offer plan pretend refuse tend expect intend 例如： 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 The driver failed to see the other car in time. 他表示愿意帮助我。 He offered to help me. * 2）动词+疑问词+