【金版学案】高二人教版英语必修五练习：Unit 3 第四学时Grammar.docVIP

第四学时　Grammar [观察领悟] 观察领悟下列句子，找出其规律并熟读。 1．Worried_about the journey，I was unsettled for the first few days. 2．Well-known for their expertise，his parents company，called “Future Tours”，transported me safely into the future in a time capsule. 3．The capsule began swinging gently sideways as we lay relaxed and dreaming. 4．Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached. 5．Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer. 6．Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 7．Deeply touched，I thanked him again and again. 8．Caught in a heavy rain，he was late for work again. [自我总结] 动词的过去分词具有副词、形容词的特征，分词或分词短语在句中可作________、________，还可作________等。 答案：状语；定语；表语 一、过去分词(短语)作状语 过去分词(短语)作状语可以表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，它的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系。 1．作时间状语。 相当于一个时间状语从句。 Once published，the dictionary will be very popular.(Once published＝Once it is published) 一旦出版，这本词典将大受欢迎。 2．作原因状语。 相当于一个原因状语从句。 Lost in thought，I didnt notice what was happening outside.(Lost in thought＝Because I was lost in thought) 由于陷入沉思，我没注意到外面发生了什么事情。 3．作条件状语。 相当于一个条件状语从句。 Given another hour，I can also work out this problem.(Given another hour＝If I am given another hour) 如果再给我一个小时，我也能把这道题算出来。 4．作让步状语。 相当于一个让步状语从句。 Beaten by the opposite team，we didnt lose heart and encouraged each other.(Beaten by the opposite team＝Though we were beaten by the opposite team) 虽然被对方的队打败了，但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。 5．作方式或伴随状语。 可以转换成一个并列句。 The old man got on the bus，supported by a girl.(supported by a girl＝and was supported by a girl)(方式) 在一位姑娘的搀扶下，老人上了公共汽车。 【注意】(1)过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when，though，although，as if，as though，if，unless，until，once等，表时间、让步、条件、方式等。 If (I am)invited，I will attend the wedding of my friend.如果受到邀请，我会参加我朋友的婚礼。 (2)过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。 Asked why he was late，he cried. 被问到他为什么迟到时，他哭了。 Looking out of the window，I saw some students playing there. 我朝窗外望去，看见几个学生在那边玩耍。 (3)过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。 If caught，the thief will be punished by the police. 小偷如果被