TCPIP网络技术实训.ppt

计算机越来越多，网络怎么扩张？ 加网络设备 加什么网络设备：HUB、中继器、Bridge、Switch、Router？ 局域网常见设备类型说明 网卡（NIC） 中继器（Repeaters） 集线器（Hubs） 网桥（Bridges） 交换机（Switches） 网卡 (NIC) The network interface card (NIC, or LAN adapter) is a printed circuit board. This board fits into the expansion slot of a bus on the computer motherboard NICs are considered Layer 2 devices because each individual NIC throughout the world carries a unique code called a Media Access Control (MAC) address. 中继器（Repeaters） The purpose of a repeater is to regenerate and retime network signals at the bit level to allow them to travel a longer distance on the media. Repeaters are classified as Layer 1 devices because they act only on the bit level. The term repeater traditionally meant a single port in and a single port out device. 集线器（Hubs） The purpose of a hub is to regenerate and retime network signals at the bit level to allow them to travel a longer distance on the media. Hubs are classified as Layer 1 devices because they act only on the bit level. Hub is nothing more than a repeater with more than two ports. Two types: Intelligent hubs can manage network traffic. Dumb hubs simply take an incoming networking signal and repeat it to every other port without the ability to do any management. 桥接器（Bridges） A bridge is a Layer 2 device designed to connect two LAN segments. The purpose of a bridge is to filter traffic on a LAN, to keep local traffic local, yet allow connectivity to other parts (segments) of the LAN for traffic that has been directed there. The bridge keeps track of which physical (MAC) addresses are on each side of the bridge and makes its decisions based on this MAC address list. 交换机（Switches） A switch is a Layer 2 (Data Link) device. The purpose of a switch is to examine the Layer 2 (MAC) addresses of incoming frames, and then switch them to the proper outgoing port. The purpose of a switch is to concentrate connectivity, while making data transmission more efficient. 每段（端口） 有自己的冲突域 所