Molecular Diffusion - NUS Singapore University College Degree 分子扩散度新加坡国立大学新加坡学院.pptVIP

Initial and boundary conditions of cA = cAo at t = 0 for 0 ? z ? L cA = cAs at z = 0 for t 0 cA = cAs at z = L for t 0 Simplify by dimensionless concentration change Changing the P.D.E. to Y = Yo at t = 0 for 0 ? z ? L Y = 0 at z = 0 for t 0 Y = 0 at z = L for t 0 * Assuming a product solution, Y(z,t) = T(t) Z(z) The partial derivatives will be Substitute into P.D.E. divide by DAB, T, Z to * Separating the variables to equal -?2, the general solutions are Thus, the product solution is: For n = 1, 2, 3…, * The complete solution is: where L = sheet thickness and If the sheet has uniform initial concentration, for n = 1, 3, 5… And the flux at z and t is * Example 1 * * * * * * Figure 24.8 * Example 2 * * * * * * * * Concentration-Time charts * Figure F.1 Unsteady-state transport in a large flat slab * Figure F.2 Unsteady-state transport in a long cylinder * Example 3 * * * * From the stoichiometry of the reaction, We simplify Fick’s equation in terms of oxygen only, which reduces to * The boundary conditions are: at r = R, yO2 = 0 and at r = ?, yO2 = 0.21, Integrating the equation to: The oxygen transferred across the cross-sectional area is then: * Using a pseudo-steady-state approach to calculate carbon mass-transfer output rate of carbon: accumulation rate of carbon: input rate of carbon = 0 Thus, the carbon balance is * Rearranging and integrating from t = 0 to t = ?, R = Ri to R = Rf, we get For heterogeneous reactions, the reaction rate is * If the reaction is only C (s) + O2 (g) ? CO2 (g) and if the reaction is not instantaneous, then for a first-order reaction, at the surface, then, * Combining diffusion with reaction process, we get * Example 3 * * * * Diffusion with homogeneous first-order reaction: Example: a layer of absorbing liquid, with surface film of composition A and thickness ?, assume concentration of A is small in the film, and the reaction of A is * Assuming one-direction