构建低碳经济的价值链基础.pdfVIP

Value Chain Approaches to a Low-Carbon Economy: Business and Policy Partnerships A Discussion Paper for the World Business Summit on Climate Change in Copenhagen May 2009 Executive Summary This paper is prepared in support of a workshop at the World Business Summit on Climate Change (Summit) on leveraging value chains to reduce climate impacts and build a low-carbon economy. It is widely acknowledged that making significant progress on mitigating the impact of climate change depends on reducing the impacts of supply chains. A recent McKinsey study shows that 40 to 60 percent of companies’ total carbon footprints reside upstream 1 in their supply chains, suggesting the scale of the opportunity. Fundamental changes in consumer behavior, supply chain structure and management, and business models are needed for long-term success.2 The scope of this challenge is reinforced by a current knowledge gap: most suppliers do not track or report carbon emissions data; buyers do not control suppliers’ emissions or have access to accompanying data,3 and there is disagreement on how to measure and apportion responsibility for supply chain emissions. This paper aims to illuminate the development of value chain approaches that address current challenges and unlock opportunities to capture value. First, we describe the economic and environmental pressures on existing value chain models. It is clear that the economic and policy conditions under which extended supply chains emerged in the past quarter-century are changing rapidly as a result of climate, and that these trends may accelerate soon. In this light, the ongoing viability of current supply chain models can no longer be assumed. Second, we outline the distinct elements o