Compounds Galore!许多化合物！.pptVIP

* * * * * Compounds, Mixtures, and Reactions Unit II-Part 5 Classifying Matter Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Elements Compounds Homogeneous Heterogeneous Fe, O H2O, CO2 milk, tea Rocky Road ice cream, muddy water What is a Pure Substance? A pure substance is a classification of matter that includes both elements and compounds Pure substances cannot be separated by physical means such as distillation, filtration, or chromatography Elements We have already studied elements An element is made of one kind of atom Found on the periodic table What Is A Compound? A compound is a pure substance that is created by 2 or more elements chemically reacting and joining together Ex: NaCl, H2O, CO2, NH3, NaHCO3, and C6H12O6 Notice that elements combine in many ways to make compounds Ex: H2O, H2O2, CO, and CO2 Why Do Compounds Form? Compounds form to allow elements to become more stable Na is flammable when it comes in contact with H2O, and Cl2 is a toxic gas NaCl is a very stable compound that is neither flammable nor toxic (in normal quantities) Compounds that are extremely unstable will break down to form the more stable elements How Do Compounds Form? Compounds form by the interaction between the nuclei and valence electrons of 2 or more elements THE OCTET RULE: an element is most stable with 8 valence electrons Elements will join chemically to get 8 valence electrons Ex: CO2 : oxygen has 6 valence electrons and carbon has 4 If the carbon shares 2 with each oxygen, everyone will have 8 valence electrons! What Do Compounds Have To Do With My Life? Compounds are the substances that make up ALL living and non-living things Examples: Where would you be without: H2O—water NaCl—table salt C3H8O—rubbing alcohol C55H98O6—an example of an unsaturated fat What Is A Mixture? A mixture is the physical combination of 2 or more substances It is important to understand that a mixture is not chemically combined Mixtures can be separated by physical means such as filtration, dis