基于单片机的智能检测的电梯限速器测试仪的设计.docVIP

基于智能检测的电梯限速器测试仪的设计 农金德 （华侨大学机电及自动化学院 厦门 000000) 摘要：直流电机具有良好的启动性能和调速特性，它的特点是启动扭矩大，能在宽广的范围内平滑、经济地调速，转速控制容易，调速效率高。脉冲宽度调制PWM(Pulse Width Modulation),就是指保持开关周期T不变，调节开关导通时间t对脉冲的宽度进行调制的技术。PWM控制技术以其控制简单,灵活和动态响应好的优点而成为电力电子技术等领域最广泛应用的控制方式。 本设计是基于Proteus和Keil开发环境，主要以AT89C51单片机为核心，L298驱动芯片驱动直流电机，LED数码管显示和机械按键等来模拟智能检测的电梯限速器测试仪的设计。 关键词：直流电机、L298驱动器、AT89C51单片机、PWM、LED数码管显示器 Abstract: The DC motor has a good start performance and speed characteristics, which is characterized by the starting torque in a wide range of smooth, economical speed control, speed control is easy, speed and high efficiency. Pulse width modulation PWM (Pulse Width Modulation), and means to maintain the switching period T constant, adjust the switch turn-on time t on the pulse width modulation technology. PWM control techniques for its control is simple, flexible and dynamic response of the advantages of the field of power electronics technology is the most widely used control. The design is based on the Proteus and Keil development environment, AT89C51 microcontroller as the core design of the L298 driver chips drive DC motors, LED digital display and mechanical buttons, etc. to simulate intelligent detection of elevator speed limiter tester.Keywords: DC motor, the L298 drives, AT89C51 microcontroller, the PWM, the LED digital display 目录 1、引言……………………………………………………………………………………………3 2、设计原理………………………………………………………………………………………3 2.1、系统设计原理………………………………………………………………………………3 2.2、PWM基本原理………………………………………………………………………………4 2.3、直流电机PWM调速基本原理………………………………………………………………4 3、硬件电路设计…………………………………………………………………………………5 3.1、单片机选择…………………………………………………………………………………5 3.2、直流电机驱动器选择………………………………………………………………………5 3.3、电机旋转译码器……………………………………………………………………………6 3.4、硬件电路图…………………………………………………………………………………7 4、软件设计………………………………………………………………………………………8 4.1、主程序流程图………………………………………………………………………………8 4.2、显示子程序设计……………………………………………………………………………9 5、系统调试………………………………………………………………………………………9 5.1、正转仿真结果……………………………………………………………………………9 5.2、反转仿真结果……………………