写作(张伟).docVIP

写作基础知识 造句 Building of Sentences 句子的结构类型，一般有： 主谓 SV 如：The sun rises from the east. 主系表 SVP 如： This picture is beautiful. 主谓宾 SVO 如： She hopes that the weather will be fine soon. 主谓宾补 SVOC如：The teacher encourages us to work hard. 主谓宾宾 SVOO如： Her father bought her a new mobile phone. There be… 句子结构 可分为简单句，并列句，复合句和并列复合句。 简单句（the simple sentence）：表达一个思想，含有一个主谓结构 The man arrived at the house. 主语 谓语 The man and his wife arrived at the house and knocked at the door. 主语 谓语 并列句 （the compound sentence）：表达一个以上关系密切的思想，含有两个或更多的主谓结构， 可由并列连词连接或有分号隔开。 The man knocked at the door but no one answered. 分句1 连词 分句2 That is a good idea ; I think I will use it. 分句1 分号 分句2 ※ 常用于连接并列分句的连接词有：and, but, or, so, yet, for, nor, neither, not only… but also, either…or, neither…nor等。 Disposal products should be banned, for they cause serious pollution. I kept silent, so did he. 并列连接副词：however, nevertheless, on the other hand, in contrast, therefore, hence, moreover, in addition, instead, otherwise, meanwhile, as a result, consequently, accordingly 等。 3． 复合句（the complex sentence）：表达一个主要思想，以及一个或几个次要思想，含有一个主句（the main clause）以及一个或几个从属子句（the sub-clause） As soon as the man arrived at the house, he knocked at the door. 从句 主句 4．并列复合句 He was fired and the reason was that he hed neglected his duty. 分句1 连词 分 句2 从句 ※从句大致分为三类： 1）名词性从句：包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。 2）定语从句：包括限定性和非限定性定语从句。 3）状语从句： 包括时间，地点，原因，条件，让步，方式，结果，目的等。 时间 I sent you the news the instant (that) I heard it.. 地点 Where there is a will, there is a way. 原因 Since all the trains were delayed, the station was crowded with people. 条件 Given that he wins the support of the majority, he can win the election. 让步 In spite of great efforts we failed to carry our plans through. 方式 I do the work as you show me