【高血压英文】 Hypertension.ppt

What Is Hypertension? Cardiovascular Mortality Risk Doubles With Each 20-mm Hg SBP or 10-mmHg DBP Increment* Prevalence of Hypertension Increases with Age: NHANES 1999-2000 Data Increasing Prevalence of Hypertension: Rise From 1988 to 2000 (NHANES) Ethnic/Racial Differences inPrevalence of Hypertension Blacks have a higher prevalence and incidence of hypertension than whites. Most studies in the United Kingdom and the United States report a higher prevalence and lower awareness of hypertension in black people than in white people. In Mexican-Americans, the prevalence and incidence of hypertension is similar to or lower than in whites. NHANES III reported an age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension at 20.6% in Mexican-Americans and 23.3% in non-Hispanic whites. Hypertension Prevalence by Ethnic/Minority Groups Group HTN Prevalence White 21.2% Black/African-American 29.2% Hispanic/Latino 19.6% Asians 16.9% Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander 20.7% American Indians/Alaska Natives 25.4% BPLTTC Meta-analysis: Stroke and CHD JNC7 Algorithm forTreatment of Hypertension JNC 7 Compelling Indications AHA Perspective/Hypertension Management and BP Goals Summary of Main Recommendations Lose weight if overweight Limit alcohol intake to no more than 1 oz (30 mL) of ethanol (ie, 24 oz [720 mL] of beer, 10 oz [300 mL] of wine, 2 oz [60 mL] of 100-proof whiskey) per day or 0.5 (15 mL) ethanol per day for women and people of lighter weight Increase aerobic activity (30-45 min most days of the week) Reduce sodium intake to no more than 100 mmol/d (2.4 g sodium) Maintain adequate intake of dietary potassium (approximately 90 mmol/d) Maintain adequate intake of dietary calcium and magnesium for general health Stop smoking and reduce intake of diet