英语科技文章写作中的常见问题.docVIP

第七章 英语科技文章写作中的常见问题 7.1问题的提出 7.1.1结构混杂 科技英语中表达一种思想时最好用一种结构，不要将两种结构混在一起。 We are recommending what procedure that you should follow. The new fan will be installed in such a place so that the whole area will be cooled. “Overlapped valves” is when the exhaust and the intake valves are open simultaneously for an instant. 7.1.2结构不全 从句中省略主语是有条件的，不能随便省略。 ①We shall appreciate any suggestions that you make and are ready to answer further questions if you have them. ②The boiling point of the solution is higher than any of its separate component. ③Coke has proved to be more efficient than any fuel we have tried. 7.1.3结构中断 相互关联的事物尽可能放在一起，否则易生误会。 The hopper , unless it is scraped frequently ,becomes caked with slag. ②I have ,as you requested in your letter of ...，investigated the possibilities of enlarging our laboratories. 7.1.4复合句前后不一致 （1）主语不一致 The regulations require each man to wear a uniform ,he must also cover his mouth and nose with a mask before entering the laboratory. （2）人称不一致 If the workers want a manufacturing plant ,let them petition for it. （3）时态不一致 I pushed the switch and then check the ammeter. （4）语气不一致 They would save almost $500 if they can re-use the containers. （5）语态不一致 He lists his objections to the plan ,but its good points are not mentioned. 7.1.5不连接的修饰语 修饰词和修饰对象应靠近。 副词 We only plan to work one shift next week. 前置词短语 Without extra help the job will require two months. 动词不定式短语 To refill the grease cups ,the cylinder head has to be removed . 分词短语 Having adjusted the carburetor , the motor was started. 动名词短语 The engine developed much more power after adjusting the valves. 从句 The gage on the outside of the boiler , which was repaired last week , is working satisfactorily. 省略从句 Although tested the day before , he could not start the auxiliary engine when the main power supply failed. 7.1.6代词和先行词相互一致 （1）先行词 The gage was attached to the bank , but it was found to be defective. （2）泛指代词 If the tank is patched , it will reduce the losses. （3）暗含的先行词 A solut