岩石孔隙结构的地震信号特征英文.pdf

APPLIED GEOPHYSICS, Vol.1, No.1(July 2004) Seismic Signatures of Rock Pore Structure* Yue-Feng Sun1 Abstract: Rock pore structure is one of the important parameters in controlling both seismic wave velocity and permeability in sandstones and carbonate rocks. For a given porosity of two similar rocks with different pore structures, their acoustic wave speeds can differ 2 km/s, and permeability can span nearly six orders of magnitude from 0.01 mD to 20 D in both sandstone and limestone. In this paper, we summarize a two-parameter elastic velocity model reduced from a general poroelastic theory, to characterize the effect of pore structures on seismic wave propagation. For a given mineral- ogy and fluid type of a reservoir, this velocity model is defined by porosity and a frame flexibility factor, which can be used in seismic inversion and reservoir characterization to improve estimation of porosity and reserves. The frame flexibility factor can be used for quantitative classification of rock pore structure types (PST) and may be related to pore connectivity and permeability, using both poststack and prestack seismic data. This study also helps explain why amplitude versus offset analy- sis (AVO) in some cases fails for the purpose of fluid detection: pore structure effect on seismic waves can mask all the fluid effects, especially in carbonate rocks. Keywords: seismic signature, velocity, pore structure, and permeability One of the major tasks in seismic in- In very complex ways, both elastic properties and hy- version and reservoir characteriza- draulic properties depend on mineralogy, fluid con