高中英语被动语态.ppt.pptVIP

被 动 语 态 使用被动语态时需要注意的问题： 1.及物动词能构成被动语态，不及物动词不能构成被动语态。 1)English is spoken in every country in the world. 英语在世界各国都有人使用。（及物） 2)Children sleep soundly. 小孩子睡的香。（不及物） 某些不及物动词与介词或副词构成的动词短语，也有被动语态。但要保留介词或副词： e.g. 1)The speaker was listened to carefully. 人们聆听发言人的讲话。 2)This lesson must be gone over again. 这课书必须再复习一遍。 5.被动态中如果需要出现行为人，则需用上 by, 如：历史是由人民创造的。History is created by the people. 4. 带有复合宾语的句子变为被动语态时，宾语变为主语，宾语补足语相应变为主语补足语。 e.g.: We all call her Super Star. → She is called Super Star by us. 注意：主动语态中作宾语补足语的不带to的不定式，在被动语态中必须带to.(此时谓语动词常为感官动词和使役动词)e.g.:  1) She saw him fall down just now. → He was seen to fall down just now.  2) The teacher made the students clean the room. →  The students were made to clean the  room.. * * 被动语态的概述： ※ 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子的主语是动作的承受者，也就是动作的对象。 ※当主动句变为被动句时，原来的宾语变成了主语，原来的主语变成了介词by 的宾语。主动句与被动句的结构虽然不同，但动作的执行者和承受者的关系并没有改变。 ※被动语态经常被译为：某事/物被…..了。如： 1. A great deal of water is used in this city. 2. The house was built in 1978. 3. He will be sent to work in Tibet. 4. His bike is being repaired now. 5. His money has been stolen. 被动态的应用范围： 1. 偏重于强调或突出动作的承受者或事情本身而不是做事情的人。 e.g.：This plan has been made perfectly. 2. 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时。 e. g. ： Our country was found in 1949. 3. 在文章标题、广告、新闻中。 e. g. : Musicians wanted. 当动作的执行者不是人时。 e. g. : The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced. 在些情境下都需用到被动语态。 被动语态的构成： ☆ 被动语态是有由“助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成的。 ☆ 助动词有人称、时态和数的变化，其变化规则与作为系动词时一样。 ☆ 被动语态的各种时态：被动态的时态变化完全取决于助动词 be 的各种时态变化，而其后的 - ed 是不变化的： 一般现在时： am / is / are done 一般过去时： was / were done 现在进行时： am / is / are being done 过去进行时： was / were being done 现在完成时： have / has been done 过去完成时： had been done 一般将来时： shall / will be done ; be going to be done 当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can / must / have to…be done He is regarded as a brilliant. 他被认为很有才气。 This book was written in 1969. 这本书是1969年写成的。 The broken bike is being repaired now. 那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理。 He told