数据与计算机通信第16章.ppt

William StallingsData and Computer Communications7th Edition Chapter 16 High Speed LANs 内容 16.1 The Emergence of High-Speed LANs 16.2 Ethernet 16.3 Token Ring 16.4 Fiber Channel 16.1 Introduction Range of technologies Fast and Gigabit Ethernet Fibre Channel High Speed Wireless LANs Why High Speed LANs? Office LANs used to provide basic connectivity Connecting PCs and terminals to mainframes and midrange systems that ran corporate applications Providing workgroup connectivity at departmental level Traffic patterns light Emphasis on file transfer and electronic mail Speed and power of PCs has risen Graphics-intensive applications and GUIs MIS organizations recognize LANs as essential Began with client/server computing Now dominant architecture in business environment Intranetworks Frequent transfer of large volumes of data? Applications Requiring High Speed LANs Centralized server farms User needs to draw huge amounts of data from multiple centralized servers E.g. Color publishing Servers contain tens of gigabytes of image data Downloaded to imaging workstations Power workgroups Small number of cooperating users Draw massive data files across network E.g. Software development group testing new software version or computer-aided design (CAD) running simulations High-speed local backbone Processing demand grows LANs proliferate at site High-speed interconnection is necessary 16.2 Ethernet (CSMA/CD) Carriers Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection Xerox - Ethernet IEEE 802.3 IEEE802.3 Medium Access Control Random Access Stations access medium randomly Contention(竞争) Stations content for time on medium ALOHA Packet Radio When station has frame, it sends Station listens (for max round trip time)plus small increment If ACK, fine. If not, retransmit If no ACK after repeated transmissions, give up Frame check sequence (as in HDLC) If frame OK and address matches receiver, send ACK Frame may be damaged by noise or by another station transmitting at the same ti