A systems engineering approach to validation of a pulmonary physiology simulator for clinical applications精品.pdfVIP

J. R. Soc. Interface (2011) 8, 44–55 doi:10.1098/rsif.2010.0224 Published online 10 June 2010 A systems engineering approach to validation of a pulmonary physiology simulator for clinical applications 1 2 1 3 1, A. Das , Z. Gao , P. P. Menon , J. G. Hardman and D. G. Bates * 1 College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, UK 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, UK 3Division of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Nottingham, UK Physiological simulators which are intended for use in clinical environments face harsh expec- tations from medical practitioners; they must cope with significant levels of uncertainty arising from non-measurable parameters, population heterogeneity and disease heterogeneity, and their validation must provide watertight proof of their applicability and reliability in the clinical arena. This paper describes a systems engineering framework for the validation of an in silico simulation model of pulmonary physiology. We combine explicit modelling of uncer- tainty/variability with advanced global optimization methods to demonstrate that the model predictions never deviate from physiologically plausible values for realistic levels of para-