恒星的形成与演化-1单元.pptVIP

* The collapse occurs approximately in the free-fall timescale. As a result, the denser inner regions always collapse faster than the less dense outer regions. This implies that only a very small fraction of the mass of a collapsing cloud core first attains densities high enough to form a star, while most of the mass remains behind in an extending infalling envelope. A protostar with a very small initial mass forms at the center and continues growing mass by accretion from the infalling envelope (for a star with final mass of around 1 solar mass, the initial stellar mass is less than 1% of its final mass). * Astro-ph/0301078: formation of massive stars * Stars with masses larger than 10 solar masses. Although more massive cores have higher temperatures than the smaller ones in which low-mass stars form, they also have much higher densities, and the result is that the Jeans mass is not very different from the that in the low-mass cores. The star cluster NGC 3603 and a portion of the larger molecular cloud in which it formed. The cluster contains about 2000 bright stars and lies some 6000 pc from Earth. The field of view shown here spans about 20 light-years. Radiation from the cluster has cleared a cavity in the cloud several light-years across. The inset shows the central area more clearly, including the most massive star in the region (called Sher 25, above and to the left of the cluster) which is already near the end of its lifetime, having ejected part of its outer layers and formed a ring of gas. Many low-mass stars, less massive than the Sun, can also be seen.?(ESO; NASA) * MJ=0.001M_sun http://www.bahnhof.se/~davidgr/browndwf/bd_home.html In the November 30 1995 issue of the British magazine Nature, Nakajima et al announced the discovery of the Brown dwarf Gl229B. They were carrying out a systematic search for Brown Dwarfs by examining all nearby stars with ages of about one billion (109) years. The criteria they used to indicate such a young age were: Sm