初高中衔接重要句法知识.docxVIP

初高中衔接重要句法知识三大从句Complex Sentences (复合句)定义:由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。① Although the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them. 从句 主句 ② I don’t know when he will come to China. 主句 从句 ③ I know the person who is standing under the tree.主句 从句一、宾语从句 课文原句欣赏1. I know (that ) he is a Canadian athlete.2 .I imagine (that) a lot of people will come to the food festival. 3. Can you tell me if it’s polite to eat with your arms or elbows on the table in America?4. Maybe you don’t know whether it’s polite or not to speak loudly at the table.5. Do you ask what materials they should choose?6. Could you tell me when you usually wear your uniforms?7. Could you tell me where the special shoes are?(一) 基本形式：主句的主语+谓语+连词-宾语从句（陈述语序）（二）宾语从句连词 连接词：that, if, whether (三者都不在从句中作任何成份，其中that无任何含义。) 连接代词：who, whom, what, which, whose (都可在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，其中what, which, whose还可作定语。) 连接副词：when, where, why, how (都可在从句中作状语，where和how还可作表语。)例：① They think ____________ the bridge was built 100 years ago. ② I asked him ____________ （是否）he had finished his homework. ③ I asked him ____________ （哪里） he could get such medicine. ④ We didn’t know ____________ had broken the window.⑤ He asked me ____________ time it was then.（三）宾语从句的时态问题：如果主句是现在时,从句时态根据实际需要而定，该用什么时态就用什么时态；I think I will do better in English this term.如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。He told me that he would come to see me the next day.The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round. 宾语从句（名词性从句）解题思路：根据从句在整个句中的功能确定它是宾语从句（名词性从句）→ 分析宾语从句（名词性从句）的结构成份 →根据连词在从句中要充当的成份，考虑以下四种情况：1．连词在从句中作主、宾或表语，则选用连接代词(who, whom, what, which或whose)。2. 连词在从句中置于名词前作定语，则选用连接代词(what, which或whose)3．连词在从句中作状语，则选用连接副词(when, where, why或how)。4．连词在从句中不作任何成份时，从句表示一种确定的情况，用连接词that; 从句表示一种不确定的情况，用if或whether. （注：连接副词where和how也可在宾语从句中作表语。）→最后结合句意确定答案。ExercisesI.选择题1. Do you know ____daughter she is?A. whose B. whom C. what D. which2. They wondered if the teacher ____them some English songs the ne