英美概况教学教材(美国)10+11.ppt

Chapters 10 11 The U.S. Federal Regime General introduction Federal government of the United States is the central government entity established by the United States Constitution Shares sovereignty over the United States of America with the governments of the individual U.S. states The seat of the federal government is in the District of Columbia. the first modern national federation in the world Three basic principles federalism division of power was between the national government and the state governments separation of powers division of power was within the national government— legislative, executive, and judicial checks and balances We will explore Legislative branch bicameral Congress House of Representative Senate Executive branch President Cabinet members and other officials Judicial branch Courts Federal courts the Supreme Court lower federal courts State courts page 109, para 2 This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land;… (Constitution, Art. VI) 本宪法及依本宪法所制定之合众国法律；以及合众国已经缔结及将要缔结的一切条约，皆为全国之最高法律…… US House of Representatives 435 voting members each represents a congressional district serves for a 2-year term 6 non-voting members 5 delegates from the District of Columbia, Guam, Virgin Islands, and American Samoa, and Northern Mariana Islands (2-year term) resident commissioner from Puerto Rico (4-year term) US House of Representatives 3 qualifications be at least 25 years old; have been a citizen of the United States for the past 7 years; be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent Disqualification (Under the 14th Amendment ) a federal