从煤炭法修改看我国煤炭业的可持续发展-山东科技大学-文法学院.DOC

摘 要 在2015年颁行的《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（九）》中，首次将从业禁止纳入刑法中。但是从业禁止的性质是什么，是一种资格刑、禁止令、或是保安处分？刑法典并没有进行规定。文章通过将从业禁止与资格刑、禁止令、保安处分进行对比，认为从业禁止适用于因犯罪受过刑事处罚和有再犯的危险性的人，且其立法目的着眼于矫正、意在消除再犯动因的特殊预防，符合保安处分的特征，所以从业禁止属于保安处分。在性质确定之后，进而分析了从业禁止的适用条件问题，明确“职业”和“刑罚”的范围，在适用主体上增加法人单位。在执行方面，确定从业禁止的执行主体为社区矫正机构，并提出对从业禁止的执行程序的立法完善。最后提出增设从业复权制度，使从业禁止处罚的罪犯分子拥有在满足条件后恢复其被剥夺的权利并允许其重新从事相关职业的权利。 关键词：从业禁止 适用条件 执行主体 从业复权 ABSTRACT In the Peoples Republic of China Criminal Law Amendment Nine promulgated in 2015, the prohibition of occupation was first incorporated into criminal law. But what is the nature of the prohibition? Qualification Punishment、 Injunction、Or Security Measures? The Penal Code does not provide for. By comparing the occupation prohibition with the qualification punishment, prohibition order and security punishment, the article holds that the occupational prohibition accord with the characteristics of security measures which applies to the people who are subject to criminal penalties and has the risk of recidivism, and its legislative purpose is aimed at correcting and is intended to eliminate the motives for recidivism, so the occupational prohibition belongs to security Measures. After the nature determination, this paper analyzes the applicable conditions of occupational prohibition, clarify the scope of occupation and penalty , and add legal person units to the subject of application. In the implementation, determined that the enforcement subject of occupational prohibition is community correction institution, and put forward the implementation of the procedures for the prohibition of professional legislation. Finally, it puts forward the establishment of vocational rehabilitation system, which enable the criminals, who is prohibited to punish, to have the right to resume their deprived rights and to allow them to re-enter the relevant profession after satisfying the conditions. Key Words：Prohibition; Applicable conditions; Execution Principal; The right to practise rehabilitation 目 录 摘要………