简牍释疑二则-全部藏品-湖南博物馆.pdfVIP

简牍释疑二则 Two Notes from the Interpretation of Bamboo Slip Manuscripts 南昌大学 陆锡兴 Lu Xixing, Nanchang University 内容提要：本文由两篇小考证组成：一则为“小白尺刀”。居延汉简中的“小白尺刀” 并不是一件刀，而是一件刀与一件尺的合称。所以正确断句为“小白尺、刀”。在西 汉遣册中“尺刀”联合出现不止一处，提示了它们的基本含义，不属兵器而是古代制 衣的主要工具。二则为“聂币”。马王堆一、三号汉墓遣册和木牌多次出现“聂币”， 而对照实物知为小块纺织品。从一号墓报告开始，把“聂”解释为“牒”，意即碎片， 而币为交换货币。其实先秦、秦汉时期的“聂”常用作“摄”，“摄”的意义是代替， 文献上有许多用例。而“币”则指礼品丝织物，因此“聂币”的正确含义是代币，是 指用小块丝织品代替币，以此作为随葬品。 关键词：居延汉简 马王堆遣册 “小白尺刀” “聂币” Abstract: This paper consists of two textual studies. 1) “ 小白尺刀” in the Han bamboo slip manuscript from Juyan does not refer to one knife; rather, it collectively refers to one knife and one ruler. Consequently, the correct pause in the sentence should be “ 小白尺、刀”. The “knife and ruler” has appeared more than once in Western Han inventories of burial objects, and this indicates that they do not belong to the category of weapon. 2) “ 聂币”. The term “ 聂币” appears time and again in the inventories of burial objects and wooden tablets from Han Tombs 1 and 3 at Mawangdui. A match with real objects indicates that it refers to small pieces of fabric. Since the excavation report of Tomb 1 was published, the word “ 聂 ” has 牒 币 been interpreted as “ ”, meaning small fragments, while is believed to stand for money of exchange. In fact, the character “ 聂” in pre-Qin times and the Qin and Han dynasties was often used as “ 摄 ” which means “in substitution”. Examples abound in historical documents. “ 币”, on the other hand, refers to silk fabric as a gift. The correct meaning of “ 聂 币 ” is token money – small pieces of silk used as burial objects in substitution of real money. Key words: Han bamboo slips from Juyan; inventory of burial objects from Mawangdui; “ 小 白尺刀” ; “