初二下册9单元知识点.doc

Ⅰ.单词与短语neither amusement discover especially attendant travel population characterfear type awake environment temperature theme attraction route boardcruise boat southeast quarter brave excellent natural whenever season dark have a great time 玩的愉快take a ride 兜风end up 结束on board 在船(飞机,火车)上exchange student 交换生take a holiday 休假;度假three quarters 四分之三all year round 一年到头;终年have…problem(in) doing sth. 做某事遇到问题be close to 接近,靠近think of/about doing sth. 考虑或打算做某事argue with sb. 与人争吵 Ⅱ.目标句型:1. —Have you ever been to…?? —Yes,I have. /No,I havent.2. I/He/She has / have never been to…3. Where have you been4. Where do you want to go5. How long have you been doing…6. What do you like best about doing sth.7. What kind of job do you want8. How do/did you do sth.9. How do you spell your name Ⅲ.语法现在完成时A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态. ? 如:? The car has arrived.? 车子来了.(结果:车子已在门口)? Someone has broken the window.? 有人把窗户打破了.(结果:窗户仍破着)? 现在完成时句子通常有recently,lately,since,for,in the past few months/years等词做时间状语.? 肯定形式:have/has + done? 否定形式:have/has + not +done? 一般疑问句:have或has放于句首.B.现在完成时的用法1)现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成,而对现在有影响.所以常常后面不用时间状语.现在完成时所表的 ? 动作离说话人的说话时刻可近可远.? 如:? He has gone to London. (说话人认为他不在该地)? He has been to London. (说话人认为他在该地)2)现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去.常用for和since表示一段时间的状语或 ? so far, now, today, this week (month, year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语.? 例如:? He has studied English for 5 years.? He has studied English since 2001.? Now I have finished the work.? 注意:? 表示短暂时间动作的词,如:come,go,die,marry,buy等的完成时不能与for,since等表示一段时间的词连用.3)现在完成时还可用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示将来某时完成的动作.? 例如:? Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework.? If it has stopped snowing in the morning,we will go to the park. 【重点词语】1.record(1)record作名词,表示记录?? This is a record of school attendance.?? 这是一份学生考勤记录.?? He kept a record of what the speaker sail.?? 他把说话人所说的话都记录了下来.(2)record作名词还可表示有关某人或某物过去的已知事实;档案记录.?? He has an honorable record of service.?? 他有光荣的服务记录.(3)re