初中英语语法 非谓语动词知识讲稿.ppt

专题十 非谓语动词;非谓语动词;一、动词不定式;作主语 To speak English is not easy for us. = It is not easy for us to speak English. 讲英语对于我们来说不容易。 作主语用的动词不定式常用it 作形式主语，真正的动词不定式主语放在后面。 It is + adj (for/of sb)+ to do. 注意：kind, good, nice, clever 等形容人的品质的形容词后， 用of， 不用for。 Its very clever of you to work out this problem. ;作宾语 What sports does he like to play? He likes to play basketball. 只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词宾语。 a. 表示命令、打算、或希望的词或词组，如：would like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect 等。 Would you like to have a cup of tea? Tom decided to study hard for the final exam.;b. find, think 等后跟动词不定式作宾语时， 常用it作形式宾语。 I find it easy to read English every day. Li Lei realized it necessary for him to get up early to do some exercise for he found he was getting fatter and fatter. c. 常见的不带to的动词不定式作宾语的结构。 Why not do sth? had better (not) do ... would rather do... Could/ Would you please (not) do...?;作表语 My work is to clean the room every day. =To clean the room every day is my work. 多数情况下，动词不定式作表语可转换为主语。 ;作宾补 My mother asked me to take out the trash this morning. 动词不定式作宾补时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage Our teacher tells us to finish homework on time. Lily encourages her sister to sing a song for the family.;作定语 Have you got anything to say? 动词不定式作定语，要后置。有逻辑上的动宾关系。如果是不及物动词，动词不定式后要加上适当的介词。 There is nothing to worry about. Tom always tells lies, so he has no friend to play with. ;动词不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。 The teacher is telling the students what to do. =The teacher is telling the students what they should do. He didnt know where to go. = He didnt know where he should go.;做状语 Im sorry to trouble you. (原因) I went to the library to study English.(目的) 逻辑主语要和主语一致。;二、动 名 词;作主语 Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 谓语动词用单数。;作宾语 表示习惯性的动作或抽象行为。 I like playing basketball very much. （动宾） Stamps are