影响机车燃油消耗指标的因素分析推荐.docVIP

本科毕业论文 影响机车燃油消耗指标的因素分析 THE ANALYSIS OF AFFECTING LOCOMOTIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION INDICATOR 摘 要 目前 ,随着国内燃油税费改革和国内成品油价的不断上涨趋势，机车行驶成本控制已成为机务段基础管理的一项重要内容。内燃机车节油工作是铁路运输企业成本节支最重要的工作。据铁道部相关数据与调查显示，对于全国各大铁路局、机务段而言，内燃机车燃油消耗费用支出占机务段的总成本达到百分之六十以上，油脂费用的支出占机务段总成本的90 %左右。也占到铁路运输企业日常材料成本的70%以上,内燃机车节油工作是机务部门成本节支降耗最重要的工作之一。有效降低燃油消耗,节能已成为降低材料成本的重点工作，已经成为全国各大机务段的一项重要经济指标,对机务段年度成本计划的完成起着决定性的作用。从2000年开始，全国各大铁路局对机务段燃油单耗实行“两标合一” 进行考核,且燃油价格多次上升。因此,及时、准确分析影响机车燃油消耗的因素,制订切实有效的技术组织措施，降低机车燃油单耗，降低运输成本,成为机务段的一项重要工作。 本文就影响内燃机车燃油消耗指标的因素进行多方面分析总结。从内燃机车的结构，运行环境，人为管理、操作等多方面进行分析总结，提出问题，发现问题。从而在分析结果中提出针对影响内燃机车燃油消耗指标的因素的解决措施与方法。 随着世界成品油价格的上涨以及我国节约型社会、降低运营成本的政策的出台，准确的分析影响内燃机车燃油消耗指标的因素并提出、实施有效的节能措施，对于我国铁路行业来说，迫在眉睫。 关键词：燃油经济性 机车 节约型社会 Abstract Now,with the domestic fuel tax reformed and the domestic product rising trend in oil prices,contorling the cost of locomotive has become an important part of the basic management.Saving the cost of locomotive is the most important work for the railway transportation.According to the Ministry of Railways and the survey data,for the major national railway authority and locomotive depot,the diesel fuel consumption expenditure account for the total cost of locomotive depot for more than 60 percent,the cost for oil account for locomotive depot reached about 90 percent.And also account for the daily railway transportation business for more than 70 percent.Diesel fuel economy is one of the most important work of the locomortive depot. Reduced the fuel consumption effectively has become the key work.It has became one of the key economic Indicators of all the locomotive depot in the country.and it play a decisive role in the completion of the annual cost of the locomotive depot project.Since 2000,all the locomotive depot used two standard become oneto assess the fuel consumption per unit,and fuel prices had increased many times.So,analyzing the factors of affectting the locomotive fuel consumption timely and development the effective technological measures to reduce t