被动语态小结.docVIP

初中英语被动语态小结 一、语态概述 ??? 英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。??? 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如:Many people speak Chinese.speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。??? 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。例如: English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。???二、被动语态的构成??? 被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。被动语态在各种时态中的构成。??? 一般现在时:am/is/are+??? 一般过去时:was/were+??? 一般将来时:will/shall be+现在进行时:am/is/are being+??? 过去进行时:was/were being+??? 现在完成时:have/has been+??? 过去完成时:had been + spoken 情态动词的被动,由情态动词+be+构成特殊情况 ???1.主： The teacher asked li Ping to clean the floor. （ask sb.to do sth.） 被：Li Ping was asked to clean the floor 2.主：He made the boy work for two hours yesterday. （make sb. Do sth.）??? 被：The boy was made to work for two hours by him yesterday.???3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now.??? (1)A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.??? (2)Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now. 三、主动被动的方法??? All the people laughed at him. 主语 谓语 宾语 ??? He was laughed at by all people. 四、被动语态应注意的问题： 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。如：? die , fail, happen, remain, come true, fall asleep, take place，rise. 例如：?What will happen in 100 years. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 This pen writes well. His novel sells well. 他的小说畅销 3. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us. 4、不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语： fit, marry, wish, cost, agree with, arrive at / in, succeed in, happen to, take part in, belong to 5、系动词无被动语态： ??? be, become, fall, feel, get, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn… 1) It sounds good.?????2) The steel feels cold??? 6、“be+过去分词”并不一定都是被动语态，有时是系表结构。 be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。 My bike is broken.(此处的broken，形式是过分，实际是当一形容词来用)