英语语法-动词ing形式教学讲义.pptVIP

11. Once the heart stops _____, death follows at once. A. beating B. to beat C. being beaten D. to be beating 12. We are now busy _____ for the examination. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. being prepared 1. 动词-ing形式的构成：是在动词末尾加 -ing 形式构成，因此又叫动词的 -ing 形式。如： do --- doing, be --- being, ask --- asking, etc. 否定形式：not+ -ing 构成 2. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态的变化。 -ing 形式 -ing 形式主要考查其在句子中作定语 和状语的用法 European football is played in 80 countries, ___ it the most popular sport in the world. making B. makes C. made D. to make 解析 making it the popular sport in the world为现在分词短语作结果状语，这类分词短语常放在句子的后面。如： His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 动名词：在句子中起名词作用，可作主，宾，表，定的成分。 动名词的形式 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 1. The v–ing form used as subject: It is necessary to get water from wet to dry place. Getting water from wet to dry places is necessary. It cost nothing to wish for thing. Wishing for things cost nothing. 2. The v–ing form used as object. He likes helping others. Object v. +object prep. + object 1) v. + object 只接v-ing作宾语的词组有: give up, put off, insist on, look forward to, pay attention to, lead to, devote... to, make a contribution to, feel like, stick to He has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. 2) prep. + Object 1. 动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语it，而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中，一般宜用动名词，不宜用不定式来代替： It’s no use doing … It’s no good doing… It’s a waste of time doing … 例如： It’s no use going there today; he won’t be at home. It’s a waste of time arguing about it. 而在It’s important/necessary/advisable/ essential/fitting … 这类句型中，只能用不定式，如： It’s important to learn foreign languages. 2. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“ allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式