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J Appl Electrochem (2009) 39:577-582 DOI 10.1007/s10800-008-9695-z ORIGINAL PAPER Electrochemical treatment of pharmaceutical azo dye amaranth from waste water Rajeev Jain . Nidhi Sharma . Keisham Radhapyari Received: 25 February 2008/Accepted: 13 0ctober 2008/Published online: I November 2008 @ Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract The electrochemical behavior of pharmaceuti- cal azo dye amaranth has been investigated in distilled water and Britton-Robinson buffer. One well-defined irreversible cathodic peak is observed. This may be attributed to the reduction of the -N=N- group. Calculation of the number of electrons transferred in the reduction process has been performed and a reduction mechanism proposed. Results indicate that the electrode process is diffusion controlled. The cathodic peak in the case of controlled potential electrolysis is found to reduce substantially with a decrease in color and absorbance. The reaction has first order kinetics with k value 5.75 x10-2 abs min-l. The effciency of different electrode materials (platinum and steel) for decolorisation is compared. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreases substan- tially from 2,680 t0 96 ppm at platinum and t0 142 ppm at steel. This translates t0 97% COD removal at platinum and 95% at steel. Keywords Electrochemical treatment . Amaranth Azo dye . Industrial effluents . CV, COD I Introduction Azo dyes continue to be a source of pollution from industrial processes which employ dyes to color paper, R. Jain . N. Sharma . K. Radhapyari School of Studies in Chemistry, Jiwaji University Gwalior 474011, India e-mail: raj eevj ain54 @ yahoo.co.in plastics, foodstuffs, pharmaceutical products, and natural and artificial fibers [1, 2]. It is reported that approximately 5 tonnes of dye discharge from dye and coloration industries every year [3]. The release of such compounds into the environment is of great concern due to their toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and bio-transformation p