《毕业设计－基于组态软件和串行通信的电梯并联控制系统》.doc

中文摘要 电梯是高层建筑必不可少的交通工具。在规模较大的建筑内常常安装两台或两台以上的电梯。为了提高电梯的运行效率，两台电梯通常采用并联控制，两台以上的电梯则采用群控。在两台电梯的并联控制中，并联调度算法是整个控制系统的核心。调度算法的合理性与否直接影响到电梯运行效率的高低。然而，传统的电梯并联调度算法的快速服务性较差，存在一些有待完善之处。本文对传统并联电梯调度算法进行研究，对其作了部分细化和补充，给出了较详细的调度原则与数学算法。在分析电梯集选控制功能的基础上，设计两台PLC和两台变频器组成的n层电梯的并联控制系统，给出系统组成框图，编写电梯并联控制程序，并详细阐述该系统的并联功能和硬件、软件的设计方法。 并联控制系统的两台PLC之间采用欧姆龙的 1:1PLC-LNK通信交换信息，共享厅外召唤信号、层楼信号和运行方向信号，实现两部电梯的并联调度控制。控制程序根据两台电梯的运行状态、运行方向、轿厢与呼梯信号的位置，来决定由哪台电梯响应呼梯信号。 论文确定了电梯监控系统的总体结构，通过HostLink链接实现计算机与PLC的实时通信连接。设计了基于计算机和组态软件的电梯监控系统，通过通信参数的设置实现了组态软件与PLC的通信。通过对监控系统的画面总体规划，确定了需要设置的画面和画面的功能，这些画面可以真实的反映出电梯的实际运行状态，并可以通过修改监控系统的某些参数，对电梯的运行进行控制。 关键词：电梯，PLC，并联控制，调度算法，监控，组态软件，Host Link。 Abstract Elevators are indispensable vertical traffic in the high building.There are always two or more elevators in alarge scale building. In order to improve the effieieney of the elevators，Parallel control is always use dindouble elevator，and group control is used in more than two elevators.Dispatch algorithm is the center of the system in the elevators parallelcontrol.The rationality of the dispatch algorltm influences the efficiency of the elevators.But，there are something needs to improve in the traditional elevators parallel control dispateh algorithm.It is not good that the elerity service of the traditional parallel control dispateh algorithm. Based on the researeh of the traditional parallel control dispatch algorithm，a new design seheme of parallel-elevator dispatch ptinciple was given in this paper.The new prineiple detailed and supplemented the traditional parallel-elevator dispateh algorithm. The detailed dispatch principle and mathematies algorithm were given. Based on the analyses of the colleetive selective control function of elevators，a parallel control system was given in this paper.The 11-layers-elevators parallel control system was composed of two PLCs and two invertors.The systems tructure and the parallel control programmer were given.The parallel control funetion.design methods of hardware and software of th