上消化道恶性肿瘤“两步筛查法”在城乡结合区的课题研究x.docxVIP

上消化道恶性肿瘤“两步筛查法”在城乡结合区的课题研究　　 作者：徐翠林 蒋宁卫 曹慧 范娇 【摘要】癌症的早期发现、早期诊断及早期治疗作为我国提高五年生存率及降低死亡率的主要策略之一，本研究以雨花台区七个街道35岁以上人群14000人为研究对象，通过理论模型设计、功能需求调查、《上消化道肿瘤筛查量表》的制定以及通过对两个街道3000人调查和对筛查出246例高危人群开展胃镜检查和病理诊断的预试验的结果，开展了上消化道恶性肿瘤病例“两步筛查法”在城乡结合部的课题研究，从而发现上消化道早期肿瘤病例，提高癌症的早诊早治率，同时对调查对象开展宣教、随访，并评价用“两步筛查法”在城乡结合区对上消化道恶性肿瘤高危人群的预警、早期诊断和干预的效应，建立一套城市地区和城郊结合地区比较经济适用的上消化肿瘤筛查、早诊早治以及预防干预的模式，为全国同类地区肿瘤筛查和预防干预提供科学依据。 【关键词】恶性肿瘤 两步筛查法 城乡结合区 【Abstract】the early detection of cancer, early diagnosis and early treatment as our country increase the five year survival rate and lower mortality as one of main strategy, this research take the Yuhuatai area seven street 35 people over the age of 14000 as the research object, through theoretical model design, function demand investigation, upper digestive tract tumor screening scale formulation as well as through to two street in 3000 and to screening out of 246 cases high risk population in gastroscopy and the pathological diagnosis of the test results, carried out on the malignant tumor of digestive tract case two step screening method in the combination of urban and rural research, which found in early upper gastrointestinal tumors a case, improve cancer early diagnosis and early treatment rate, at the same time to carry out propaganda and education, follow-up survey and evaluation, with two step screening method in urban and rural area of upper digestive tract cancer in high-risk populations of early warning, early diagnosis and intervention effect, establish a set of city region and in outskirts of economical and applicable upper gastrointestinal tumor screening, early diagnosis and early treatment and prevention intervention model, similar to the areas of tumor screening and preventive interventions to provide a scientific basis. 【Key words】malignant tumor two step screening method integration of urban and rural 肿瘤是当今严重威胁人类健康和社会经济发展的重大疾病。自20世纪70年代恶性肿瘤、心脑血管等慢性非传染性疾病逐步取代传染性疾病，成为主要的死亡原因以来，由恶性肿瘤引起的死亡和医药费用等负担问题日益突出。中国肿瘤登计处2004年恶性肿瘤发病资料显示，肺癌、胃癌、食道癌、肝癌、