计算机组织结构chap11.pptVIP

15 20 10 重要的总结1 重要的总结2 Register indirect a large address space, variable locations one less memory reference than indirect addressing Displacement Base-register addressing for segmentation Indexing for accessing array Relative for saving address bits Stack implied addressing, quite common in microprocessor PowerPC Addressing Modes Load/store architecture Indirect Instruction includes 16 bit displacement to be added to base register (may be GP register) $Rb(disp) Can replace base register content with new address Indirect indexed Instruction references base register and index register (both may be GP) $Rb+$Ri EA is sum of contents Branch address Absolute Relative Indirect Arithmetic Operands in registers or part of instruction Floating point is register only PowerPC Memory Operand Addressing Modes $Rb(disp) $Rb+$Ri $Rb, $Ri Pentium Addressing Modes Virtual or effective address is offset into segment Starting address plus offset gives linear address This goes through page translation if paging enabled 12 addressing modes available Immediate MOV AX, 053H Register operand Displacement MOV DX, OFFSET pi Base Base with displacement MOV AX, disp[BX] Scaled index with displacement MOV AL, disp[SI] Base with index and displacement MOV AX, disp[BX][SI] Base scaled index with displacement Relative PC+A P390 Instruction Formats Includes opcode, operand(s) Indicate addressing mode for operand(s) Usually more than one instruction format in an instruction set fixed-length or variable-length PowerPC Instruction Formats (1) LoadB $R1, $Rb(A00) LoadX $R1, $Rb, $Rx 32 bits PowerPC Instruction Formats (2) 32 bits Add $R0, $R1, $R2 AddI $R0, $R1, #2 P405 Pentium Instruction Formats addressing mode RR还是RM Ri Rk或EA计算方法 ADD AX, B[SI] 设计指令格式 例， 某计算机字长为32位,主存容量为64M字，采用32位单地址指令，共有40条指令。提供直接、立即、相对、间接四种寻址方式，设计指令格式. 6位 2 24位 OP 寻址 立即数/直接或间接地址/位移 32位 Summary 1. Addressing modes Immediate addressing ADD $R1, 5 Direct ADD $R1, pi Ind