洱海近岸菜地不同土壤发生层的NH4.doc

洱海近岸菜地不同土壤发生层的NH4+-N吸附解吸特征 陈安强1，雷宝坤1，刘宏斌2，翟丽梅2，王洪媛2，毛妍婷1，张丹3* （1. 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所，昆明 650201; 2. 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，农业部面源污染控制重点实验室，北京 100081; 3. 云南农业大学 资源与环境学院，昆明 650201） 摘 要：洱海近岸菜地土壤是水-陆域生态系统进行物质交换过程中重要的中间场所，不同土壤发生层对氮的吸附解吸是影响氮素“源-汇”功能转换的重要因素之一。采用等温吸附-解吸试验研究了洱海近岸菜地不同土壤发生层NH4+-N的吸附解吸特征，并分析了吸附-解吸参数与土壤基本理化性质的关系。结果表明：不同土壤发生层NH4+-N的等温吸附-解吸特征分别符合Langmuir模型和一元线性方程，而且不同土壤发生层NH4+-N的吸附-解吸过程具有不可逆性，解吸存在滞后性；不同土壤发生层NH4+-N的饱和吸附量Q0为435.597～982.757 mg·kg-1，平衡NH4+-N浓度ENC0为0.370～0.661 mg·L-1，解吸速率为0.281～0.729。土壤对NH4+-N吸附能力为A层＞P层＞W层＞G层，而解吸能力却相反。土壤中粉粒、黏粒含量和砂粒级微团聚体与Q0、最大缓冲容量MBC、临界平衡浓度ENC0呈正相关关系，与解吸速率K3呈负相关关系。Q0、MBC、ENC0与不同土壤发生层OM、TN和NH4+-N呈正相关关系，与TFe、TMn和pH呈负相关关系，而解吸参数K3却有相反的变化。结果可为洱海近岸菜地不同土壤发生层氮素通过浅层地下水向洱海水体扩散通量的确定提供重要参数。 关键词：NH4+-N；吸附-解吸；洱海近岸菜地，不同土壤发生层 Adsorption and Desorption of NH4+-N in the Different Soil Genesis Layers in the Nearshore Vegetable Field of Erhai Lake CHEN An-qiang1, LEI Bao-kun1, LIU Hong-bin2, ZHAI Li-mei2, WANG Hong-yuan2, MAO Yan-ting1, ZHANG Dan3 (1 Agricultural Environment Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China; 2 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; 3. College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China) Abstract: Soils of vegetable field sited in the nearshore area of Erhai Lake is the important intermediate location for material exchange between lake and terrestrial ecosystems. Adsorption and desorption of nitrogen in the different soil genesis layers is one of the important factors that affects the “source – sink” function transformation of nitrogen. In order to illuminate the adsorption and desorption characteristics of NH4+-N in the different soil genesis layers of vegetable field around the Erhai Lake, the experiments of isothermal absorption/desorption were conducted and the effect of soil physicochemical p