热能专业英语Somethermodynamiccycles.pptVIP

Thermodynamic cycles Carnot cycle-key points style Two isothermal processes; Two adiabatic processes; Useful for heat engines and refrigeration; Work between two heat reservoirs; Be the most efficient cycle; Efficiency improved from Tsc and Tsk Carnot cycle applications A Carnot cycle can be used for heat engine application, as well as for refrigeration. A Carnot cycle is the most efficient cycle working between two heat reservoirs and the efficiency; can be further improved by rising heat source temperature and by dropping the heat sink temperature. Other reversible cycles Stirling cycle; Ericsson cycle Similar to the Carnot cycle Stirling cycle and Ericsson cycle consists of four reversible processes, two isothermal processes; an isothermal heat addition process at TH an isothermal heat rejection process at TL Both cycles utilize regeneration, a process during which heat is transferred to a thermal energy storage device (called a regenerator) and Differing from Carnot cycle: Carnot cycle consists of two isentropic processes Stirling cycle consists of two constant-volume regeneration processes, Ericsson cycle consists of two constant-pressure regeneration processes. Regeneration Regenerator—thermal energy storage device during one part of the cycle, heat is transferred to a regenerator; Heat is transferred back to the working fluid during another part of the cycle. Carnot cycle p-v Carnot cycle T-s Sterling cycle P-v Ericsson cycle P-v Efficiency Have same efficiency if operated between some temperature levels TH and TL; Thermal engine efficiency: h=(TH-TL)/TH ; Cooling cycle efficiency: h=TL/(TH-TL) Difficulties in practice with three cycles difficult to achieve isothermal heat transfer: require providing infinitely large surface areas for heat transfer allowing an infinitely long time for the process. the regenerator will not have an efficiency of 100 percent, pressure losses in the regenerator will be considerable. Sterling cycle Sterling machine