part 4管理学Management刘冰老师教学课件 英文版.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 16–* Early Leadership Theories Behavioral Theories (cont’d) Ohio State Studies Identified two dimensions of leader behavior: Initiating structure: the role of the leader in defining his or her role and the roles of group members. Consideration: the leader’s mutual trust and respect for group members’ ideas and feelings. Research findings: mixed results High-high leaders generally, but not always, achieved high group task performance and satisfaction. Evidence indicated that situational factors appeared to strongly influence leadership effectiveness. Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 16–* Early Leadership Theories Behavioral Theories (cont’d) University of Michigan Studies Identified two dimensions of leader behavior: Employee oriented: emphasizing personal relationships Production oriented: emphasizing task accomplishment Research findings: Leaders who are employee oriented are strongly associated with high group productivity and high job satisfaction. Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 16–* The Managerial Grid Managerial Grid Appraises leadership styles using two dimensions: Concern for people Concern for production Places managerial styles in five categories: Impoverished management Task management Middle-of-the-road management Country club management Team management Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 16–* Exhibit 16–3TheManagerialGrid Source: Reprinted by permission of Harvard Business Review. An exhibit from “Breakthrough in Organization Development” by Robert R. Blake, Jane S. Mouton, Louis B. Barnes, and Larry E. Greiner, November–December 1964, p. 136. Copyright ? 1964 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. All rights reserved. Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.